主语（subject）: 句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首

The sun rises in the east.     （名词）    
He likes dancing.      （代词）
Twenty years is a short time in history. 
                                          (数词)
Seeing is believing.     （动名词）     
To see is to believe.    （不定式）
What he needs is a book.
                          （主语从句）
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
The rich should help the poor.
1.Do exercise is good for your health.
2.Eat too much meat is bad for your health.
指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
         介词不能作主语② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
找出下面句子的主语
1. Our school is not far from my home.
2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you.
3.Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.
单选：
1.Mary with her two daughters _____ going to Shanghai for Explo 2010 next month.
A. are     B. was       C. is       D. were
2.____ more exercise does good to your health.
A. Do     B. Does     C. Did     D. Doing
3.____ is impossible to finish this job before Wednesday.
A. That      B. This       C. It        D. They
谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
I love you!
They went to sleep very late last night.
He practises running every morning.
The plane took off at 10 o’clock.
How often do you go shopping?
Why didn’t you come back last night?
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cough.
We are sudents.
That idea sounds great!
Open the door， please!
Go and get some water for me.
Don’t laugh at others!
Don’t come back late tonight.
祈使句：
1.省略主语you
2.谓语动词用原形
找出下列句子的谓语
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
 ⑨ He is interested in music.
⑩ Whom did you give my book to?
11. Put away your books right now!
按要求找出下列句子的主谓：
1. Trees turn green when spring comes. （主谓）
2. He broke a piece of glass. （谓）
3. Don’t get nervous，and help yourself to what you like． （主谓）
4. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town. （主谓）
5. There are many people in the hall.（主）
6. Would you please pass me the cup? （主谓）
1.It is difficult for me ______ so much work within one night. Can you help me?
A. finish      B. finishing  
C. to finish     D. finished
2.John with two of his friends ____ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon.
A. go     B. went     C. goes     D.gone
3.__ up early， or you will miss the early bus.
A. Got   B. Get    C. Getting   D.Gets
4.________ up early is good for your health.
A. Got   B. Get    C. Getting   D.Gets
5.Wow! The cake tastes _______! Can I have one more?
A. well    B. deliciously    C. bad   D. good
宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。
I like China.    
He hates you.
How many do you need? We need two
We should help the old and the poor.  
I enjoy working with you
I hope to see you again.   
Did you write down what he said?
He is afraid of her--his headteacher.      
Under the snow， there are many rocks.
介词后面的宾语：介宾
注意：人称代词要用宾格
I decided to go with _______.
A. he   B. his   C. her   D.they  E.she
He gave me a book yesterday.
    
Give the poor man some money.
间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：
               双宾
I think it hard to finish this difficult job before Sunday.
找出下列句子的宾语
① My brother hasn’t done his homework.　② People all over the world speak English.　③ You must pay good attention to your job.　　　　　　　④ How many new words did you learn last class?　　　　　　　　
5.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming， how about you?
6.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
7.They made him monitor of the class.
8.Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
9.They think it impossible to get to the station in such a short time.